Special functions are a class of mathematical functions that arise frequently in various branches of mathematics, physics, and engineering. These functions are distinguished from elementary functions, such as polynomials, exponentials, trigonometric functions, and logarithms, by their specific properties and relationships. Special functions often have unique properties that make them useful for solving specific problems in areas such as differential equations, number theory, probability theory, and combinatorics. Some common examples of special functions include the Bessel functions, Hermite polynomials, Legendre polynomials, and hypergeometric functions. Researchers in the field of special functions study their properties, relationships, and applications in order to better understand and utilize these functions in various mathematical and scientific contexts. This research area is important for developing mathematical tools and techniques that can be applied to solve complex problems in diverse fields.